https://virgool.io/feed/@koregeloo Proven communication, problem-solving, and technical skills, eager to learn and enjoy work, seeking backend developer role at company, praised for hard work and commitment to company goals. fa 2026-06-16 10:08:04 https://files.virgool.io/upload/users/102830/avatar/qESbTH.jpg?height=120&width=120 https://virgool.io/@koregeloo https://virgool.io/@koregeloo/file-permissions-in-ubuntu-dbmba31w5buo Firstly you should know that:+ means add this permission to the other permissions that the file already has.= means ignore all permissions, set them exactly as I provide.So all of the "read, write, execute, sticky bit, suid and guid" will be ignored and only the ones provided will be set.read = 4, write = 2, execute = 1Here is the binary logic behind it (if you're interested):Using +x you are telling to add (+) the executable bit (x) to the owner, group and others.it's equal to ugo+x or u+x,g+x,o+xWhen you don't specify which one of the owner, group or others is your target, in case of x it will considers all of them. And as @Rinzwind pointed out, it's based on umask value, it adds the bit to the ones umask allows. remember if you specify the target like o+r then umask doesn't have any effect anymore.It doesn't touch the other mods (permissions).You could also use u+x to only add executable bit to the owner.Using 755 you are specifying:7 --> u=rwx (4+2+1 for owner)5 --> g=rx (4+1 for group)5 --> o=rx (4+1 for others)So chmod 755 is like: chmod u=rwx,g=rx,o=rx or chmod u=rwx,go=rx. Ahmad Shirzadi Ahmad Shirzadi Mon, 09 Dec 2019 16:28:45 +0330 https://virgool.io/@koregeloo/difference-between-originbranchname-and-branchname-jp2pio1idvcn there are different types of branches:local branches, i.e. branches you commit to,Branches that live in a remote repository, for lack of a better term.Remote-tracking branches. Also simply called remote branches, as in the Pro Git book, but I find this phrase confusing; remote-tracking branch is more accurate. They're special local branches whose sole purpose is to reflect the state of branches that live in a remote repository at the time of your last communication with the server. In particular, you can't commit to branches of this type.Here, branch_name is a local branch, whereas origin/branch_name is a remote-tracking branch; it reflects the state of the corresponding branch that lives in origin.Right after runninggit fetchthe remote-tracking branch origin/master and the corresponding branch that live in origin should be perfectly in sync (modulo concurrent pushes to the remote server, of course). It shouldn't be a surprise, then, thatgit push origin origin/branch_namedoesn't push anything: you're essentially attempting to push stuff that is already present in the ancestry of the corresponding branch that live in origin .However, if your local branch, branch_name, is ahead by one or more commits,then runninggit push origin branch_namewill push the commits contained in branch_name but not in the branch that live in origin: Ahmad Shirzadi Ahmad Shirzadi Mon, 09 Dec 2019 12:07:59 +0330